Academic Writing

Question: HowAcademic writing is totally different from other forms of writing? Explain. Answer: Academic writing is totally different from other forms of writing. In most of the cases, it has been found Academic writing helps the individuals to make the content of the study more authentic. Additionally, it also helps the practitioners to enhance their knowledge as well as skills (Zhu, 2004). The emerging clinician gains several knowledge and technical skills from the academic writing. In most of the cases, it has been found that the clinician researchers effectively provide a link in between the scientific research and clinical practice. This directly helps the practitioners and clinicians to provide proper treatment to the patients sooner (Blackboard.qut.edu.au. 2016). QUT library is an award-winning library; by accessing the library, the students can several kinds of information and data about the paramedic practice. On the other hand, this also helps the students to enhance their personal knowledge and ideas (Blackboard.qut.edu.au. 2016). The library has a huge collection of authentic book, relevant journals and articles. By accessing the books and journals from the QUT library, the students can easily include those important information and data in their assignments (Prasolova, Bradbury Jefferson, 2014). This will directly help the students to make the content of the assignment more authentic and reliable. Additionally, it will also help the student to get high score in the examination. The full form of OSCE is objective structured clinical examination. In the present situation, it has been found that in most of the hospitals and in medical centre has implemented the process of OSCE examination. This particular type of examination is being designed basically to test the clinical skills as well as the performance level of the medical centres. Additionally, it also tests the communication level, medical procedures, manipulation techniques, clinical examinations, radiographic positioning, and the overall interpretation result (Chang, Hsieh Hsu, 2014). OSCE is a short station, where individual candidates are being examined and judged. In different station, there are different examiners. This type of test is conducted in order to check the students theoretical as well as the clinical knowledge. For every organization, manual handling plays a very much important. The manual handling operations regulations are mainly define as any supporting of load. In most of the cases, it has been found that the manual handling may not seem that much risky for the organization (McDermott et al. 2012). Nevertheless, it has been found that the manual handling is one of the major causes of the workplace injuries. Manual handling is the daily tasks, which are taking place within the organization (Shaban, 2015). The term manual handling includes several kinds of activities like lowering, pushing, pulling, and carrying (Lightfoot, 2007). The manual handling can create a serious impact on the employers as well as on the person who is actually injured (Bl ackboard.qut.edu.au. 2016). There are some core principles of safe manual tasking; the hospitals and the medical centres must implement all the effective techniques to maintain the safety level. Ensure that the object is light enough so that it can be easily lifted The individuals must make sure that the route is clear Grab the load very firmly so that it can be close to your body Team lifted needs to be properly coordinated (Noordam Gosling, 2006) Awkward loads need to be moved with handling aid Avoid twisting of the body The cumulative damage is basically a variant form of ongoing damage (OMeara, 2009). It has been found miners rule is one of the effective rules, which are being widely used cumulative damage models for failure caused by fatigue (Chang, Hsieh Hsu, 2014). The differences arises in each failed cases, in this case the victims take the value of the current damage. In most of the cases, potential damage is increased by the initial value. Fatigue is the weakening of a material, which is mainly caused due to the repeated applied load. The paramedics are the healthcare professionals who mainly work in the emergency service team (Blackboard.qut.edu.au. 2016). Phonetic numerical: It has been found that to avoid confusion and barriers during the transmission of voice, some effective techniques have been developed for unmistakably pronouncing letters as well as numerical. This special technique mainly resulted in phonetic numerical and phonetic alphabets (Heselwood, 2013). In this case, the numbers are mainly spoken digit by digit, for examples 84, AIT FOW ER. Phonetic alphabet: Phonetic alphabet can be considered as an effective system for transcribing the precise sound of the human speech into writing. There are several communication procedure which are being used in radio communication (Madsen, 2014). The effective techniques are being used in order to minimize the communication barrier. ABC of radio communication is accuracy, brevity and clarity. In most of the medical centres and hospitals it has been found that the patients are being discriminated and they does are not get proper treatment from the paramedics and the doctors in the hospital (Benvenuti, 2001). The discrimination is being generally made on the basis of age, sex, color, religion and race. The mental health act 2000 mainly provides involuntary assessment, treatment as well as protection to the people who are mainly suffering from mental illness. On the other hand, it also looks after the safety, rights and freedoms of the patients and other individuals. Sometimes, it has been found that th e mental are being neglected in the hospitals and the medical centres. In order to provide them the right treatment, the paramedics uses the mental health act 2000 (Noordam Gosling, 2006). Due to improper assistance most of times, the patients are being ill-treated by the individuals in the hospital. By keeping in mind of the mental health act 2000, the paramedics try to provide proper treatment and care to the patients. Health care can be considered as one of the complex issues. In the present scenario, it has been found that different age group people are suffering from different kinds of diseases. In most of the cases, it has been seen that the patients are unable to get proper treatment and facilities from the paramedics or the hospital employees, the normal patients starts behaving abnormally in the medical centre (Doran, 2013). It becomes quite tough for the hospital authority to control the patients mental behavior. During that particular time, the behavior of the normal pat ients is being misinterpreted as the mental health issue. Sometimes, it has been also seen that due to cross culture it becomes tough for the paramedics to communicate and understand the exact problems of the patients. For this particular reason, they consider that particular patient as a mental patient. There are mainly three types of shocks namely the respiratory shock, neurogenic shock and the Cardiogenic shock. Respiratory shock:The respiratory shock mainly causes due to the reduction of the oxygen as well as carbon dioxide. Additionally, in this case the body cells are unable to receive enough oxygen (Wang et al. 2011). Neurogenic shock: In case of the neugenic shock, the nerve impulses to the blood vessels become impaired. On the other hand, the blood vessels remain dilated and additionally the pressure decreases. Cardiogenic shock: The cardiogenic shock is the myocardial infarction, which mainly cause damage to the heart. In this case, the heart is unable to pump effectively (Montoro-Cazorla Prez-Ocn, 2012). It also gives rise to inadequate cardiac output. Moreover, it has been also found that the body is unable to receive sufficient oxygen. Answer to question 13In most of the time, it has been found that due to shock most of the patients suffer from organ failure. Especially the heart and the liver get damage due to the shock. Due to the functional overload of the disease, the organ stops working (Yeow et al. 2011). Decompensation basically destroys the whole working structure or the system of the human being. Additionally it has been also seen that decompensation occurs due to fatigue, stress and old age. The cushing reflex is basically a physiological nervous system which mainly response to the increase intracranial pressure that directly results in cushing traid of increased blood pressure and reduce in th e heart rate. Cushing reflex can cause due to heart injury and brain herination (Meloy, 2001). On the other hand, the cushing traid is a clinical traid, which mainly occurs due to irregularity respiration, bradycardi and systolic. The decorticate posturing takes place when a particular patients back arches backwards and flexes the arm. On the other hand, the decerebrate posturing takes place where the patients itself arches back and broaden the arms directly out parallel to the body (Wang et al. 2011). Additionally, it has been found that both decorticate posturing as well as the decerebrate posturing happens due to serious head injuries and it also directly affects the brain. As per the condition of the patients brain posturing can be applied. In most of the cases, it has been found the treatment goal changes when the patient is suffering from head injury. The mean arterial pressure is basically the term used in medicine. MAP is used to describe the average blood pressure of the in dividual. It also showcases the arterial pressure mainly during the cardiac cycle. As per the rate of the blood pressure the treatment procedure changes. In this case, the pressure inside the skull fluctuates due to the new treatment procedure (Yeow et al. 2011). ICP Intracranial pressure is basically the pressure inside the skull. In most of the cases, it has been found ICP is measured through millimeters of mercury.Week SevenVentilation: A medical ventilator is a unique machine, which is mainly designed to move fresh air into and out the lungs. This machine helps the patient to take the fresh air, who are unable to breathe properly. The fresh air can be intake through bag valve mask. Perfusion:In context with physiology, perfusion is an effective process by which a body mainly delivers blood to the capillary bed, which directly flows to the biological tissue. It has been found that the most common method mainly includes the skin color, temperature as well as the capillary refill ( Townsend Luck, 2012). Diffusion: Diffusion is one of the processes, which basically restricts the flow of air being exchanged. Additionally, physically the air cannot be exchanged directly. Answer to question 18Salbutamol is a highly selective B2 adrenergic receptor-stimulating drug, which has a bronchodilator effect. This is particularly used in asthama, chronic bronchitis and airways resistance disease. It has been found that salbutamol is mainly used to prevent bronchospasm with reversible disruptive airway disease, which are namely bronchial asthama, and choronic obstructive pulmonary disease. There are several contraindication of salbutamol, in most of the cases it has been found that the person with a history of hypersensitivity reaction (Yeow et al. 2011). Additionally it is also contraindicated in patients with cardiac tachyarrmias. There are mainly three major steps in delivery of a child.The first stage is the time of the onset of true labor pain until the cervix fully di lated. In the second stage, is the basic period after the cervix is totally dilated until is the baby is safely delivered. In the next stage, the placenta is delivered. The first stage has three major phases, namely the early labor phase, active, labor phase and the transition phase. In and every phase there is a different emotion as well as physical challenge. During the early labor phase, the mother should take rest instead of running to the hospital (Chang et al. 2014). The mother must drink plenty of water and energy drink. In the active labor phase, in this phase the contradiction will be much stronger than the early phase. In this phase the patient must drink plenty water and urinate periodically. The last phase is the transition phase, the cervix opens, the patients must feel the labor pain. In the second stage, the baby moves through the birth canal and push the baby to come down through the birth canal. Here the mother must feel huge pressure and pain. In the third stage, a fter the birth of the baby, the uterus continues to push the placenta. In this state the baby finally born. The APGAR score, is basically the first test which is given to the new born baby. This test is done after the delivery of the baby. This test is mainly done to test the physical condition of the baby. As per the condition of the baby, proper care is provided to the child (Jayne, 2008). The acronym of APGAR mainly stands for appearance (colour of the skin), pulse (heart rate), grimace( reflexes), activity(tone of the muscles) and respiration( breathing rate of the new born). In the third stage, a patient can face several kinds of complications those are namely postpartum haemorrhage, retained placenta, inversion of uterus and obstetric shocks. The third stage is the most complicated stage. In this stage, the placenta may be constricted in the lower uterus because of the morbid adherence (Yeow et al. 2011). Excessive bleeding after the vaginal delivery basically requires effecti ve action to overcome the complications. There are mainly two types of Arrhythmia namely the premature beats and the Atrial fibrillation (Montoro-Cazorla Prez-Ocn, 2012). The premature beats are the most common types of arrhythmia. There are no such symptoms of premature beats. On the other hand, the artial fibrillation is one of the major types of arrhythmia. ItMost the medical centres and the hospital use different kinds of techniques and methods to provide shock to the patients. can lead to cardiac arrest. It has been found that they usually boil down to one or more of Hs and Ts. Hypovolemia is mainly cause due to lack of circulating body fluid, principally the blood volume. On the other hand, it has been also found that Hypovolemia also caused by some form of bleeding or anaphylaxis. Hypoxia is mainly caused when there is lack of oxygen is delivered to the heart, brain as well as in the other vital organs. In order to keep the organ working, proper ventilation, oxygen as well g ood CPR techniques must be used. In most of the cases, it has been also found that the cardiac arrest also can easily occur after a hard blow to the chest at a precise moment in the cardiac cycle, which is specifically known as commotion cordis (Chang et al. 2014). Tension pneumothorax:It is much important to build up air into one of the pleural cavities, which is mainly caused due to mediastinal shift. In most of the cases, it has been found that when this actually happens, the great vessels become kinked and this limits the blood to return to the heart. Reference list: Benvenuti, P. (2001). The ICTY prosecutor and the review of the NATO bombing campaign against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. European Journal of International Law, 12(3), 503-530. Chang, W. H., Hsieh, S. I., Hsu, L. L. (2014). The Use of OSCE to Evaluate the Competency of Discharge Nurses. Hu Li Za Zhi, 61(3), 45.Doran, C. M. (2013). Prescribing mental health medication: the practitioner's guide. Routledge.Heselwood, B. (2013). Phonetic Transcription in Theory and Practice. Edinburgh University Press.Jayne, V. (2008). Cover story: Championing diversityminds wide open. How best to.Lightfoot, S. (2007). 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